IMPRESSIONISM Impressionism is a 19th Century Art movement which started with a group of artists from Paris. During the 1860’s these artists entered their paintings for exhibition in the Salon but their work was rejected. Instead of the Salon they were reduced to exhibiting their paintings in the “ Salon de Refusés” where rejected works could be shown. In 1874 the group organised the first of their own exhibitions. This received much negative criticism from Art critcs who wrote in the newspapers about the exhibition. The name “ Impressionists” was given to the group by the Art Critic Louis Leroy after the painting “Impression; Sunrise” by the artist Claude Monet. The group kept this title of “Impressionist” for all of their eight exhibitions together. Their last exhibition together was held in 1886. Impressionist painting is characterised by; visible brushstrokes, a concern for light and using everyday scenes as the subject matter. Many of the Impressionist paintings were painted outdoors “Plein Air” where the artist has to work quickly to capture the scene before the light changed. Painting Techniques Visible Brushstrokes ; broad strokes of paint quickly capture the essence of the subject, rather than its details. Thick Paint: unlike artists that went before them, Impressionist paintings do not make use of the transparency of thin paint films (glazes)of oil paint,. The impressionist painting surface is typically ‘opaque” ( not transparent) .The paint is often applied “impasto” ( paint applied so thickly – it stands out from the surface) Optical Mixing; Colours are applied side-by-side with as little mixing as possible, creating blends. The “optical mixing” of colours occurs in the eye of the viewer not on the artist palatte. Absence of Black ; Dark tones are produced by the mixing colours of colours rather than using black paint. Wet on Wet; Impressionist did not wait for one layer of paint to dry before painting another layer on top- this technique produces softer edges and the intermingling of colour. Influences on Impressionism Photography; The Impressionists were influenced by the new Artform – Photography. They were interested in capturing the “ snapshot” effect where a momement could be frozen in time and fleeting light could be captured. Photography showed the Impressionists for the first time that parts of a picture could be out of focus and that the composition could be cropped or cut -off . Also the impressionists learned from photography how to use studio lights to effect change in light on their subject. Japanese Prints. Paris in the 19th Century was full of new goods that were being imported from the far east – among them were prints Japan. The prints showed a differerent approach to compostion – instead of centering the subject in the middle of the painting – Japanese prints often placed the subject off-centre, in a more dramatic composition than in the European tradition. Japanese Prints often showed everyday imgages of ordinary people as their subject matter; this had an influence of the choice of subject matter by the impressionists. Hiroshige,Travellers surprised by sudden rainArt History by Deirdre MorganME Marking Scheme for elements of Art Exam
Ordinary/Higher level. 1. Design or Craft 100 (5hrs - completed in one day). 2. Imaginative Composition or Still life 100. 3. Life Sketching 50 (two studies). 4. Art History 150 (3 questions X 50 marks each). For elements 1. 2. and 3. - Pupils receive exam papers a week prior to sitting exam. These exams are completed at the end of April/beginning of May. Writing Advice In many ways, writing an Art History paper is no different from writing other kinds of papers in the Humanities. You need to focus your topic, write a thesis sentence, settle on a structure, write clear and coherent paragraphs, and tend to matters of grammar and style. In some other ways, however, writing an Art History paper requires some understanding of the conventions of the discipline. We've collected a few tips here:
Top Tips for doing well in the CRAFT exam (poster) With the ever looming doom of the five hour craft exam it’s always handy to have some tips on how to make those five long hours fly by in the most productive of ways. Although five hours seems like a lot of time, in art exam terms it’s practically nothing. With regard to the craft exam, in particular the calligraphy and graphic questions, there are a number of essential things you can do as prep work which will help you to no end.
_____________________________________________________ History and Appreciation of Art (HL) Marks: 150 Time Allocated: 2 Hours 30 Minutes 150 marks out of 400 marks are assigned to this paper- i.e. 37.5% of the overall marks for Art Candidates have to answer THREE questions – 50 minutes a question (40 minutes writing and 10 minutes sketching Section 1 – Art in Ireland
_________________________________________________ Leaving Certificate Art – Programme The practical exams will take place at the start of May & the Art history Exam takes place in June along with your other exams. _____________________________________________________ In the practical paper there are three sections you must complete: · Observational studies 45min Sketching from real life eg: portrait darwings There is a 15min pose: 20marks A 30min pose: 30marks This section is work a total of 50marks. · Imaginative composition & still life 2.5hrs For this you choose 3-4 man made objects to sketch, (still life objects) you can use pencil, paint, chalks, charcoal etc... This section is work a total of 100marks.
SHEET a week before your exam, you then bring this research sheet into the exam (for ideas but cant copy direcly from it ) then in the exam you will make your poster, and your PREP. Sheet. This section is work a total of 100marks. Art History: - ordinary & higher – Three Sections Art history is work 150marks – which is 47.5% of the overall Art exam. Section 1 – Art in Ireland (from prehistoric times to present) 50marks Section 2 – European Art (from 1000A.D to present) 50marks Section 3 – Appreciation of Art (based on topics of every day visual experience in their own environment eg: a gallery visit) 50marks Must answer ONE question from all three sections. You are given a selection of 13 questions to choose from in each section. Homework due:
Your exam will take place this Friday in Ms O'Mahony's room at 1.30- 4pm. You should arrive to her room for 1 pm. I will assist in setting up the compositions during this time. Above is a sample rationale for your design. This is to be written on the back of your completed piece. You must state which passage you chose and why
Thursday 9th 9 to 12 am
Your exam will be taking place in w7 on Thursday morning. Please come in early to set-up for the exam and ensure you have eaten. Object Drawing will take place at 9am. You will then have 30mins break before your Life Drawing exam. |
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January 2019
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